Mathematics

This course enables students to develop an understanding of mathematical concepts related to algebra,
analytic geometry, and measurement and geometry through investigation, the effective use of technology,
and abstract reasoning. Students will investigate relationships, which they will then generalize as
equations of lines, and will determine the connections between different representations of a linear
relation. They will also explore relationships that emerge from the measurement of three-dimensional
figures and two-dimensional shapes. Students will reason mathematically and communicate their thinking
as they solve multi-step problems.

Prerequisite: None

Course Outline

This course enables students to develop an understanding of mathematical concepts related to
introductory algebra, proportional reasoning, and measurement and geometry through investigation, the
effective use of technology, and hands-on activities. Students will investigate real-life examples to develop
various representations of linear relations, and will determine the connections between the representations. They will also explore certain relationships that emerge from the measurement of three-
dimensional figures and two-dimensional shapes. Students will consolidate their mathematical skills as they solve problems and communicate their thinking.

Prerequisite: None

Course Outline

This course enables students to broaden their understanding of relationships and extend their problem-
solving and algebraic skills through investigation, the effective use of technology, and abstract reasoning. Students will explore quadratic relations and their applications; solve and apply linear systems; verify
properties of geometric figures using analytic geometry; and investigate the trigonometry of right and acute triangles. Students will reason mathematically and communicate their thinking as they solve multi-
step problems.

Prerequisite: Grade 9 Mathematics, Academic, or Grade 9 Mathematics Transfer, Applied to Academic

Course Outline

This course enables students to consolidate their understanding of linear relations and extend their
problem-solving and algebraic skills through investigation, the effective use of technology, and hands-on
activities. Students will develop and graph equations in analytic geometry; solve and apply linear systems,
using real life examples; and explore and interpret graphs of quadratic relations. Students will investigate
similar triangles, the trigonometry of right triangles, and the measurement of three-dimensional figures.
Students will consolidate their mathematical skills as they solve problems and communicate their thinking.

Prerequisite: Grade 9 Mathematics, Academic or Applied

Course Outline

This course enables students to broaden their understanding of mathematics as a problem solving tool in
the real world. Students will extend their understanding of quadratic relations; investigate situations
involving exponential growth; solve problems involving compound interest; solve financial problems
connected with vehicle ownership; develop their ability to reason by collecting, analysing, and evaluating
data involving one variable; connect probability and statistics; and solve problems in geometry and
trigonometry. Students will consolidate their mathematical skills as they solve problems and communicate
their thinking.

Prerequisite: Foundations of Mathematics, Grade 10, Applied

Course Outline

This course introduces basic features of the function by extending students’ experiences with quadratic relations. It focuses on quadratic, trigonometric, and exponential functions and their use in modeling real-world situations. Students will represent functions numerically, graphically, and algebraically; simplify expressions; solve equations; and solve problems relating to applications. Students will reason
mathematically and communicate their thinking as they solve multi-step problems.

Prerequisite: Principles of Mathematics, Grade 10, Academic, or Foundations of Mathematics, Grade 10,
Applied

Course Outline

This course introduces the mathematical concept of the function by extending students’ experiences with
linear and quadratic relations. Students will investigate properties of discrete and continuous functions,
including trigonometric and exponential functions; represent functions numerically, algebraically, and
graphically; solve problems involving applications of functions; investigate inverse functions; and develop
facility in determining equivalent algebraic expressions.
Students will reason mathematically and communicate their thinking as they solve multi-step problems.

Prerequisite: Principles of Mathematics, Grade 10, Academic

Course Outline

This course enables students to broaden their understanding of mathematics as it is applied in the
workplace and daily life. Students will solve problems associated with earning money, paying taxes, and
making purchases; apply calculations of simple and compound interest in saving, investing, and borrowing;
and calculate the costs of transportation and travel in a variety of situations. Students will consolidate their
mathematical skills as they solve problems and communicate their thinking.

Prerequisite: Principles of Mathematics, Grade 9, Academic, or Foundations of Mathematics, Grade 9,
Applied, or a Grade 10 Mathematics LDCC (locally developed compulsory credit) course

This course enables students to broaden their understanding of real-world applications of mathematics.
Students will analyse data using statistical methods; solve problems involving applications of geometry and
trigonometry; solve financial problems connected with annuities, budgets, and renting or owning
accommodation; simplify expressions; and solve equations. Students will reason mathematically and
communicate their thinking as they solve multi-step problems. This course prepares students for college
programs in areas such as business, health sciences, and human services, and for certain skilled trades.

Prerequisite: Foundations for College Mathematics, Grade 11, College preparation, or Functions and
Applications, Grade 11, University/College preparation

Course Outline

This course enables students to extend their knowledge of functions. Students will investigate and apply
properties of polynomial, exponential, and trigonometric functions; continue to represent functions
numerically, graphically, and algebraically; develop facility in simplifying expressions and solving
equations; and solve problems that address applications of algebra, trigonometry, vectors, and geometry.
Students will reason mathematically and communicate their thinking as they solve multi-step problems.
This course prepares students for a variety of college technology programs.

Prerequisite: Functions and Applications, Grade 11, University/College preparation, or Functions, Grade
11, University preparation

Course Outline

This course builds on students’ previous experience with functions and their developing understanding of
rates of change. Students will solve problems involving geometric and algebraic representations of vectors
and representations of lines and planes in three-dimensional space; broaden their understanding of rates
of change to include the derivatives of polynomial, sinusoidal, exponential, rational, and radical functions;
and apply these concepts and skills to the modelling of real world relationships. Students will also refine
their use of the mathematical processes necessary for success in senior mathematics. This course is
intended for students who choose to pursue careers in fields such as science, engineering, economics, and
some areas of business, including those students who will be required to take a university-level calculus,
linear algebra, or physics course.

Prerequisite: Advanced Functions, Grade 12, University preparation, must be taken prior to or
concurrently with Calculus and Vectors

Course Outline

AP Calculus (AB) is intended for senior students who have successfully completed MHF4U with a mark in
the 90s. The course follows the curriculum for Advanced Placement Calculus (AB), which is effectively the
first semester of calculus taught at American universities. In addition to earning a grade 12 credit,
students can write the Advanced Placement examination in May. Many Canadian universities may grant a
university math credit for students who pass this Advanced Placement exam. This course will cover the
same topics as MCV 4U1 as well as additional calculus topics including Integrals (Interpretations,
Properties, Applications, Techniques). Vectors will be covered in the second part of the course. There is a
fee for this exam and students would be expected to pay this fee. Because of the advanced nature of this
course, it is meant for students who are exceptionally well prepared and motivated.

Prerequisite: Advanced Functions, Grade 12, University preparation, must be taken prior to or
concurrently with Calculus and Vectors

This course broadens students’ understanding of mathematics as it relates to managing data. Students will
apply methods for organizing and analysing large amounts of information; solve problems involving
probability and statistics; and carry out a culminating investigation that integrates statistical concepts and
skills. Students will also refine their use of the mathematical processes necessary for success in senior
mathematics. Students planning to enter university programs in business, the social sciences, and the
humanities will find this course of particular interest.

Prerequisite: Functions, Grade 11, University preparation, or Functions and Applications, Grade 11,
University/College preparation

This AP Statistics course/MDM4UP is at a high level of sophistication and difficulty. In addition to earning
a grade 12 credit, students can write the Advanced Placement examination in May. Many Canadian
universities may grant a university Math credit to students who are successful in this AP course and its
exam. This course introduces students to the major concepts and tools for collecting, organizing,
analyzing, and drawing conclusions from data. Students design, administer, and tabulate results from
surveys and experiments. Probability and simulations aid students in constructing models for chance
phenomena. Sampling distributions provide the logical structure for confidence intervals and hypothesis
tests. Students use a TI 84+ graphing calculator, Fathom statistical software, and Web-based java applets
to investigate statistical concepts. To develop effective statistical communication skills, students are
required to prepare frequent written and oral analysis of real data. Because of the advanced nature of this
course, it is meant for students who are exceptionally well prepared and motivated.

Prerequisite: Functions, Grade 11, University (minimum 80%) and/or permission from the Mathematics
Department

Course Outline

This course enables students to broaden their understanding of mathematics as it is applied in the
workplace and daily life. Students will investigate questions involving the use of statistics; apply the
concept of probability to solve problems involving familiar situations; investigate accommodation costs,
create household budgets, and prepare a personal income tax return; use proportional reasoning; estimate
and measure; and apply geometric concepts to create designs. Students will consolidate their
mathematical skills as they solve problems and communicate their thinking.

Prerequisite: Mathematics for Work and Everyday Life, Grade 11, Workplace preparation

This course extends students’ experience with functions. Students will investigate the properties of
polynomial, rational, logarithmic, and trigonometric functions; develop techniques for combining functions;
broaden their understanding of rates of change; and develop facility in applying these concepts and skills.
Students will also refine their use of the mathematical processes necessary for success in senior
mathematics. This course is intended both for students taking the Calculus and Vectors course as a
prerequisite for a university program and for those wishing to consolidate their understanding of
mathematics before proceeding to any one of a variety of university programs.

Prerequisite: Functions, Grade 11, University preparation, or Mathematics for College Technology, Grade
12, College preparation

Course Outline